您现在的位置: 365建站网 > 365文章 > 手机Web端html5 地理实时定位的方法

手机Web端html5 地理实时定位的方法

文章来源:365jz.com     点击数:1997    更新时间:2017-12-23 20:17   参与评论
HTML5 Geolocation(地理定位)用于定位用户的位置。

定位用户的位置
HTML5 Geolocation API 用于获得用户的地理位置。
鉴于该特性可能侵犯用户的隐私,除非用户同意,否则用户位置信息是不可用的。

浏览器支持
Internet Explorer 9、Firefox、Chrome、Safari 以及 Opera 支持地理定位。
注释:对于拥有 GPS 的设备,比如 iPhone,地理定位更加精确。

HTML5 - 使用地理定位
请使用 getCurrentPosition() 方法来获得用户的位置。
下例是一个简单的地理定位实例,可返回用户位置的经度和纬度。
实例

<script>
var x=document.getElementById("demo");
function getLocation()
  {
  if (navigator.geolocation)
    {
    navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(showPosition);
    }
  else{x.innerHTML="Geolocation is not supported by this browser.";}
  }
function showPosition(position)
  {
  x.innerHTML="Latitude: " + position.coords.latitude +
  "<br />Longitude: " + position.coords.longitude;
  }
</script>


例子解释:
检测是否支持地理定位
如果支持,则运行 getCurrentPosition() 方法。如果不支持,则向用户显示一段消息。
如果getCurrentPosition()运行成功,则向参数showPosition中规定的函数返回一个coordinates对象
showPosition() 函数获得并显示经度和纬度
上面的例子是一个非常基础的地理定位脚本,不含错误处理。

处理错误和拒绝
getCurrentPosition() 方法的第二个参数用于处理错误。它规定当获取用户位置失败时运行的函数:
实例

function showError(error)
  {
  switch(error.code)
    {
    case error.PERMISSION_DENIED:
      x.innerHTML="User denied the request for Geolocation."
      break;
    case error.POSITION_UNAVAILABLE:
      x.innerHTML="Location information is unavailable."
      break;
    case error.TIMEOUT:
      x.innerHTML="The request to get user location timed out."
      break;
    case error.UNKNOWN_ERROR:
      x.innerHTML="An unknown error occurred."
      break;
    }
  }


错误代码:
Permission denied - 用户不允许地理定位
Position unavailable - 无法获取当前位置
Timeout - 操作超时

微信公众号实时获取快递员的位置,有没有什么好的方案或接口:

Html5本身就可以获取到地理位置(WGS-84)

但是前提是快递员一直打开那个网页不黑屏,黑屏之后网页中的脚本会被暂停(所以GPS也会被停止)。

公众号只会在进入主界面时,会去读取坐标并上传到后台。进到Web页面之后,权限会缩小的和HTML一样。
公众号的JS API不会持续的获取坐标,除非setInterval不停去取,黑屏之后一样会停止JS。

如果需要实时上传快递员的坐标到服务器,只有APP这条路。

Web端获取地理位置方法:navigator.geolocation 有三个函数:

void getCurrentPosition(onSuccess,onError,options);
//获取用户当前位置

int watchCurrentPosition(onSuccess,onError,options);
//持续获取当前用户位置

void clearWatch(watchId);
//watchId 为watchCurrentPosition返回的值
//取消监控

function getLocation(){
   var options={
       enableHighAccuracy:true,
       maximumAge:1000
   }
   if(navigator.geolocation){
       //浏览器支持geolocation
       navigator.geolocation.watchCurrentPosition(onSuccess,onError,options);
   }else{
       //浏览器不支持geolocation
   }
}

//成功时
function onSuccess(position){
   //返回用户位置
   //经度
   var longitude =position.coords.longitude;
   //纬度
   var latitude = position.coords.latitude;

}

//失败时
function onError(error){
   switch(error.code){
       case 1:
       alert("位置服务被拒绝");
       break;

       case 2:
       alert("暂时获取不到位置信息");
       break;

       case 3:
       alert("获取信息超时");
       break;

       case 4:
        alert("未知错误");
       break;
   }
}


//开始获得
getLocation();

GPS坐标互转:WGS-84(GPS)、GCJ-02(Google地图)、BD-09(百度地图):
WGS-84:是国际标准,GPS坐标(Google Earth使用、或者GPS模块)
GCJ-02:中国坐标偏移标准,Google Map、高德、腾讯使用
BD-09:百度坐标偏移标准,Baidu Map使用

//WGS-84 to GCJ-02
GPS.gcj_encrypt();

//GCJ-02 to WGS-84 粗略
GPS.gcj_decrypt();

//GCJ-02 to WGS-84 精确(二分极限法)
// var threshold = 0.000000001; 目前设置的是精确到小数点后9位,这个值越小,越精确,但是javascript中,浮点运算本身就不太精确,九位在GPS里也偏差不大了
GSP.gcj_decrypt_exact();

//GCJ-02 to BD-09
GPS.bd_encrypt();

//BD-09 to GCJ-02
GPS.bd_decrypt();

//求距离
GPS.distance();

示例:
document.write("GPS: 39.933676862706776,116.35608315379092<br />");
var arr2 = GPS.gcj_encrypt(39.933676862706776, 116.35608315379092);
document.write("中国:" + arr2['lat']+","+arr2['lon']+'<br />');
var arr3 = GPS.gcj_decrypt_exact(arr2['lat'], arr2['lon']);
document.write('逆算:' + arr3['lat']+","+arr3['lon']+' 需要和第一行相似(目前是小数点后9位相等)');


本算法 gcj算法、bd算法都非常精确,已经测试通过。
(BD转换的结果和百度提供的接口精确到小数点后4位)
请放心使用

Javascript代码:

var GPS = {
    PI : 3.14159265358979324,
    x_pi : 3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0,
    delta : function (lat, lon) {
        // Krasovsky 1940
        //
        // a = 6378245.0, 1/f = 298.3
        // b = a * (1 - f)
        // ee = (a^2 - b^2) / a^2;
        var a = 6378245.0; //  a: 卫星椭球坐标投影到平面地图坐标系的投影因子。
        var ee = 0.00669342162296594323; //  ee: 椭球的偏心率。
        var dLat = this.transformLat(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0);
        var dLon = this.transformLon(lon - 105.0, lat - 35.0);
        var radLat = lat / 180.0 * this.PI;
        var magic = Math.sin(radLat);
        magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic;
        var sqrtMagic = Math.sqrt(magic);
        dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * this.PI);
        dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * Math.cos(radLat) * this.PI);
        return {'lat': dLat, 'lon': dLon};
    },
    
    //WGS-84 to GCJ-02
    gcj_encrypt : function (wgsLat, wgsLon) {
        if (this.outOfChina(wgsLat, wgsLon))
            return {'lat': wgsLat, 'lon': wgsLon};

        var d = this.delta(wgsLat, wgsLon);
        return {'lat' : wgsLat + d.lat,'lon' : wgsLon + d.lon};
    },
    //GCJ-02 to WGS-84
    gcj_decrypt : function (gcjLat, gcjLon) {
        if (this.outOfChina(gcjLat, gcjLon))
            return {'lat': gcjLat, 'lon': gcjLon};
        
        var d = this.delta(gcjLat, gcjLon);
        return {'lat': gcjLat - d.lat, 'lon': gcjLon - d.lon};
    },
    //GCJ-02 to WGS-84 exactly
    gcj_decrypt_exact : function (gcjLat, gcjLon) {
        var initDelta = 0.01;
        var threshold = 0.000000001;
        var dLat = initDelta, dLon = initDelta;
        var mLat = gcjLat - dLat, mLon = gcjLon - dLon;
        var pLat = gcjLat + dLat, pLon = gcjLon + dLon;
        var wgsLat, wgsLon, i = 0;
        while (1) {
            wgsLat = (mLat + pLat) / 2;
            wgsLon = (mLon + pLon) / 2;
            var tmp = this.gcj_encrypt(wgsLat, wgsLon)
            dLat = tmp.lat - gcjLat;
            dLon = tmp.lon - gcjLon;
            if ((Math.abs(dLat) < threshold) && (Math.abs(dLon) < threshold))
                break;

            if (dLat > 0) pLat = wgsLat; else mLat = wgsLat;
            if (dLon > 0) pLon = wgsLon; else mLon = wgsLon;

            if (++i > 10000) break;
        }
        //console.log(i);
        return {'lat': wgsLat, 'lon': wgsLon};
    },
    //GCJ-02 to BD-09
    bd_encrypt : function (gcjLat, gcjLon) {
        var x = gcjLon, y = gcjLat; 
        var z = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y) + 0.00002 * Math.sin(y * this.x_pi); 
        var theta = Math.atan2(y, x) + 0.000003 * Math.cos(x * this.x_pi); 
        bdLon = z * Math.cos(theta) + 0.0065; 
        bdLat = z * Math.sin(theta) + 0.006;
        return {'lat' : bdLat,'lon' : bdLon};
    },
    //BD-09 to GCJ-02
    bd_decrypt : function (bdLat, bdLon) {
        var x = bdLon - 0.0065, y = bdLat - 0.006; 
        var z = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y) - 0.00002 * Math.sin(y * this.x_pi); 
        var theta = Math.atan2(y, x) - 0.000003 * Math.cos(x * this.x_pi); 
        var gcjLon = z * Math.cos(theta); 
        var gcjLat = z * Math.sin(theta);
        return {'lat' : gcjLat, 'lon' : gcjLon};
    },
    //WGS-84 to Web mercator
    //mercatorLat -> y mercatorLon -> x
    mercator_encrypt : function(wgsLat, wgsLon) {
        var x = wgsLon * 20037508.34 / 180.;
        var y = Math.log(Math.tan((90. + wgsLat) * this.PI / 360.)) / (this.PI / 180.);
        y = y * 20037508.34 / 180.;
        return {'lat' : y, 'lon' : x};
        /*
        if ((Math.abs(wgsLon) > 180 || Math.abs(wgsLat) > 90))
            return null;
        var x = 6378137.0 * wgsLon * 0.017453292519943295;
        var a = wgsLat * 0.017453292519943295;
        var y = 3189068.5 * Math.log((1.0 + Math.sin(a)) / (1.0 - Math.sin(a)));
        return {'lat' : y, 'lon' : x};
        //*/
    },
    // Web mercator to WGS-84
    // mercatorLat -> y mercatorLon -> x
    mercator_decrypt : function(mercatorLat, mercatorLon) {
        var x = mercatorLon / 20037508.34 * 180.;
        var y = mercatorLat / 20037508.34 * 180.;
        y = 180 / this.PI * (2 * Math.atan(Math.exp(y * this.PI / 180.)) - this.PI / 2);
        return {'lat' : y, 'lon' : x};
        /*
        if (Math.abs(mercatorLon) < 180 && Math.abs(mercatorLat) < 90)
            return null;
        if ((Math.abs(mercatorLon) > 20037508.3427892) || (Math.abs(mercatorLat) > 20037508.3427892))
            return null;
        var a = mercatorLon / 6378137.0 * 57.295779513082323;
        var x = a - (Math.floor(((a + 180.0) / 360.0)) * 360.0);
        var y = (1.5707963267948966 - (2.0 * Math.atan(Math.exp((-1.0 * mercatorLat) / 6378137.0)))) * 57.295779513082323;
        return {'lat' : y, 'lon' : x};
        //*/
    },
    // two point's distance
    distance : function (latA, lonA, latB, lonB) {
        var earthR = 6371000.;
        var x = Math.cos(latA * this.PI / 180.) * Math.cos(latB * this.PI / 180.) * Math.cos((lonA - lonB) * this.PI / 180);
        var y = Math.sin(latA * this.PI / 180.) * Math.sin(latB * this.PI / 180.);
        var s = x + y;
        if (s > 1) s = 1;
        if (s < -1) s = -1;
        var alpha = Math.acos(s);
        var distance = alpha * earthR;
        return distance;
    },
    outOfChina : function (lat, lon) {
        if (lon < 72.004 || lon > 137.8347)
            return true;
        if (lat < 0.8293 || lat > 55.8271)
            return true;
        return false;
    },
    transformLat : function (x, y) {
        var ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * x + 3.0 * y + 0.2 * y * y + 0.1 * x * y + 0.2 * Math.sqrt(Math.abs(x));
        ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(6.0 * x * this.PI) + 20.0 * Math.sin(2.0 * x * this.PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(y * this.PI) + 40.0 * Math.sin(y / 3.0 * this.PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        ret += (160.0 * Math.sin(y / 12.0 * this.PI) + 320 * Math.sin(y * this.PI / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        return ret;
    },
    transformLon : function (x, y) {
        var ret = 300.0 + x + 2.0 * y + 0.1 * x * x + 0.1 * x * y + 0.1 * Math.sqrt(Math.abs(x));
        ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(6.0 * x * this.PI) + 20.0 * Math.sin(2.0 * x * this.PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(x * this.PI) + 40.0 * Math.sin(x / 3.0 * this.PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        ret += (150.0 * Math.sin(x / 12.0 * this.PI) + 300.0 * Math.sin(x / 30.0 * this.PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        return ret;
    }
};


PHP代码:

<?php
class GPS {
    private $PI = 3.14159265358979324;
    private $x_pi = 0;

    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->x_pi = 3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0;
    }
    //WGS-84 to GCJ-02
    public function gcj_encrypt($wgsLat, $wgsLon) {
        if ($this->outOfChina($wgsLat, $wgsLon))
            return array('lat' => $wgsLat, 'lon' => $wgsLon);

        $d = $this->delta($wgsLat, $wgsLon);
        return array('lat' => $wgsLat + $d['lat'],'lon' => $wgsLon + $d['lon']);
    }
    //GCJ-02 to WGS-84
    public function gcj_decrypt($gcjLat, $gcjLon) {
        if ($this->outOfChina($gcjLat, $gcjLon))
            return array('lat' => $gcjLat, 'lon' => $gcjLon);
        
        $d = $this->delta($gcjLat, $gcjLon);
        return array('lat' => $gcjLat - $d['lat'], 'lon' => $gcjLon - $d['lon']);
    }
    //GCJ-02 to WGS-84 exactly
    public function gcj_decrypt_exact($gcjLat, $gcjLon) {
        $initDelta = 0.01;
        $threshold = 0.000000001;
        $dLat = $initDelta; $dLon = $initDelta;
        $mLat = $gcjLat - $dLat; $mLon = $gcjLon - $dLon;
        $pLat = $gcjLat + $dLat; $pLon = $gcjLon + $dLon;
        $wgsLat = 0; $wgsLon = 0; $i = 0;
        while (TRUE) {
            $wgsLat = ($mLat + $pLat) / 2;
            $wgsLon = ($mLon + $pLon) / 2;
            $tmp = $this->gcj_encrypt($wgsLat, $wgsLon);
            $dLat = $tmp['lat'] - $gcjLat;
            $dLon = $tmp['lon'] - $gcjLon;
            if ((abs($dLat) < $threshold) && (abs($dLon) < $threshold))
                break;

            if ($dLat > 0) $pLat = $wgsLat; else $mLat = $wgsLat;
            if ($dLon > 0) $pLon = $wgsLon; else $mLon = $wgsLon;

            if (++$i > 10000) break;
        }
        //console.log(i);
        return array('lat' => $wgsLat, 'lon'=> $wgsLon);
    }
    //GCJ-02 to BD-09
    public function bd_encrypt($gcjLat, $gcjLon) {
        $x = $gcjLon; $y = $gcjLat; 
        $z = sqrt($x * $x + $y * $y) + 0.00002 * sin($y * $this->x_pi); 
        $theta = atan2($y, $x) + 0.000003 * cos($x * $this->x_pi); 
        $bdLon = $z * cos($theta) + 0.0065; 
        $bdLat = $z * sin($theta) + 0.006;
        return array('lat' => $bdLat,'lon' => $bdLon);
    }
    //BD-09 to GCJ-02
    public function bd_decrypt($bdLat, $bdLon)
    {
        $x = $bdLon - 0.0065; $y = $bdLat - 0.006; 
        $z = sqrt($x * $x + $y * $y) - 0.00002 * sin($y * $this->x_pi); 
        $theta = atan2($y, $x) - 0.000003 * cos($x * $this->x_pi); 
        $gcjLon = $z * cos($theta); 
        $gcjLat = $z * sin($theta);
        return array('lat' => $gcjLat, 'lon' => $gcjLon);
    }
    //WGS-84 to Web mercator
    //$mercatorLat -> y $mercatorLon -> x
    public function mercator_encrypt($wgsLat, $wgsLon)
    {
        $x = $wgsLon * 20037508.34 / 180.;
        $y = log(tan((90. + $wgsLat) * $this->PI / 360.)) / ($this->PI / 180.);
        $y = $y * 20037508.34 / 180.;
        return array('lat' => $y, 'lon' => $x);
        /*
        if ((abs($wgsLon) > 180 || abs($wgsLat) > 90))
            return NULL;
        $x = 6378137.0 * $wgsLon * 0.017453292519943295;
        $a = $wgsLat * 0.017453292519943295;
        $y = 3189068.5 * log((1.0 + sin($a)) / (1.0 - sin($a)));
        return array('lat' => $y, 'lon' => $x);
        //*/
    }
    // Web mercator to WGS-84
    // $mercatorLat -> y $mercatorLon -> x
    public function mercator_decrypt($mercatorLat, $mercatorLon)
    {
        $x = $mercatorLon / 20037508.34 * 180.;
        $y = $mercatorLat / 20037508.34 * 180.;
        $y = 180 / $this->PI * (2 * atan(exp($y * $this->PI / 180.)) - $this->PI / 2);
        return array('lat' => $y, 'lon' => $x);
        /*
        if (abs($mercatorLon) < 180 && abs($mercatorLat) < 90)
            return NULL;
        if ((abs($mercatorLon) > 20037508.3427892) || (abs($mercatorLat) > 20037508.3427892))
            return NULL;
        $a = $mercatorLon / 6378137.0 * 57.295779513082323;
        $x = $a - (floor((($a + 180.0) / 360.0)) * 360.0);
        $y = (1.5707963267948966 - (2.0 * atan(exp((-1.0 * $mercatorLat) / 6378137.0)))) * 57.295779513082323;
        return array('lat' => $y, 'lon' => $x);
        //*/
    }
    // two point's distance
    public function distance($latA, $lonA, $latB, $lonB)
    {
        $earthR = 6371000.;
        $x = cos($latA * $this->PI / 180.) * cos($latB * $this->PI / 180.) * cos(($lonA - $lonB) * $this->PI / 180);
        $y = sin($latA * $this->PI / 180.) * sin($latB * $this->PI / 180.);
        $s = $x + $y;
        if ($s > 1) $s = 1;
        if ($s < -1) $s = -1;
        $alpha = acos($s);
        $distance = $alpha * $earthR;
        return $distance;
    }

    private function delta($lat, $lon)
    {
        // Krasovsky 1940
        //
        // a = 6378245.0, 1/f = 298.3
        // b = a * (1 - f)
        // ee = (a^2 - b^2) / a^2;
        $a = 6378245.0;//  a: 卫星椭球坐标投影到平面地图坐标系的投影因子。
        $ee = 0.00669342162296594323;//  ee: 椭球的偏心率。
        $dLat = $this->transformLat($lon - 105.0, $lat - 35.0);
        $dLon = $this->transformLon($lon - 105.0, $lat - 35.0);
        $radLat = $lat / 180.0 * $this->PI;
        $magic = sin($radLat);
        $magic = 1 - $ee * $magic * $magic;
        $sqrtMagic = sqrt($magic);
        $dLat = ($dLat * 180.0) / (($a * (1 - $ee)) / ($magic * $sqrtMagic) * $this->PI);
        $dLon = ($dLon * 180.0) / ($a / $sqrtMagic * cos($radLat) * $this->PI);
        return array('lat' => $dLat, 'lon' => $dLon);
    }

    private function outOfChina($lat, $lon)
    {
        if ($lon < 72.004 || $lon > 137.8347)
            return TRUE;
        if ($lat < 0.8293 || $lat > 55.8271)
            return TRUE;
        return FALSE;
    }

    private function transformLat($x, $y) {
        $ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * $x + 3.0 * $y + 0.2 * $y * $y + 0.1 * $x * $y + 0.2 * sqrt(abs($x));
        $ret += (20.0 * sin(6.0 * $x * $this->PI) + 20.0 * sin(2.0 * $x * $this->PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        $ret += (20.0 * sin($y * $this->PI) + 40.0 * sin($y / 3.0 * $this->PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        $ret += (160.0 * sin($y / 12.0 * $this->PI) + 320 * sin($y * $this->PI / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        return $ret;
    }

    private function transformLon($x, $y) {
        $ret = 300.0 + $x + 2.0 * $y + 0.1 * $x * $x + 0.1 * $x * $y + 0.1 * sqrt(abs($x));
        $ret += (20.0 * sin(6.0 * $x * $this->PI) + 20.0 * sin(2.0 * $x * $this->PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        $ret += (20.0 * sin($x * $this->PI) + 40.0 * sin($x / 3.0 * $this->PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        $ret += (150.0 * sin($x / 12.0 * $this->PI) + 300.0 * sin($x / 30.0 * $this->PI)) * 2.0 / 3.0;
        return $ret;
    }
}






如对本文有疑问,请提交到交流论坛,广大热心网友会为你解答!! 点击进入论坛

发表评论 (1997人查看0条评论)
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
昵称:
最新评论
------分隔线----------------------------

快速入口

· 365软件
· 杰创官网
· 建站工具
· 网站大全

其它栏目

· 建站教程
· 365学习

业务咨询

· 技术支持
· 服务时间:9:00-18:00
365建站网二维码

Powered by 365建站网 RSS地图 HTML地图

copyright © 2013-2024 版权所有 鄂ICP备17013400号